History & Society

History & Society

Trace how culture, power, and ideas shape societies across time.

Collage showing hands using a smartphone in the foreground and a vintage illustration of a printing press in the background, separated by arrows pointing opposite directions.
Digital tools are pulling us away from fixed texts and back toward fluid, interactive communication.
A human skull rests on a closed book beside an inkwell, a quill, a candlestick, and an open book—evoking the timeless allure of books that will change your life on a dimly lit tabletop.
"Our ultimate goal, after all, is not a good death but a good life to the very end."
Black and white illustration of a 19th-century steam-powered paddleboat, reminiscent of the one commandeered by Robert Smalls, docked by the shore with smoke rising from its central smokestack.
In this excerpt from "The First Eight," Congressman Jim Clyburn shares the story of Robert Smalls, the man whose audience with Lincoln may have saved the Union army.
Collage with red and gray tones shows a hand writing in a notebook, crumpled paper, an iceberg, and the text “The Nightcrawler” at the top—capturing a mood of long thinking and creative struggle.
Welcome to The Nightcrawler — a weekly newsletter from Eric Markowitz covering tech, innovation, and long-term thinking.
In 2017, a kilonova sent light and gravitational waves across the Universe. Here on Earth, there was a 1.7 second signal arrival delay. Why?
A historical illustration shows a crowd gathered outdoors, with a separate close-up of hands sorting through documents at a desk.
Governance scholar and University of Pittsburgh professor Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili, Ph.D. on the forces that decide whether conflicted nations unify or unravel.
John Templeton Foundation
A detailed image of the Eta Carinae star system could trick science headlines with its bright, colorful clouds of gas and dust in blue, red, and purple hues swirling around a luminous central region.
Dark matter, dark energy, and the Big Bang are all part of a solid scientific foundation. Here's why popular media often claims otherwise.
A wavy line, one meter long, transitions from dark red to bright yellow above a ruler, set against a magenta oval with a blue background featuring drawn human figures.
Until the late 20th century, there wasn't a truly universal standard. Under our current definition, everyone agrees on what "one meter" is.
Silhouettes of people walk toward a large stack of books on a barren, monochrome landscape with a pale background.
The great books aren’t just classics — they’re cultural Schelling points that give our minds a place to meet up in the world of ideas.
Book cover for "The History of Money: A Story of Humanity" by David McWilliams, featuring stacked coins arranged in a Fibonacci sequence on a black background with white and gold text.
Fibonacci’s "Liber Abaci" not only revolutionized commerce — it also helped nudge the world towards reasoned, quantitative enquiry.
A painting of a man with a beard.
Panpsychist philosopher Philip Goff, PhD on mysticism and the future of faith.
John Templeton Foundation
Book cover of "The Shortest History of AI" by Toby Walsh, featuring blue and white text on a dark background with a small glowing circle near the center—an apt nod to early AI like Logic Theorist.
In this excerpt from "The Shortest History of AI," Toby Walsh explores the history of the Logic Theorist, the first AI to prove mathematical theorems.
A field of galaxies in deep space, featuring a bright spiral galaxy at the lower right with a stellar stream escaping the galaxy, and a large, bright red star at the upper left.
Stellar streams are faint trails of stars that appear to "stream" out of galaxies. A new one, escaping galaxy M61, may point to many others.
A split image showing a detailed drawing of a bearded man on the left and a black-and-white portrait of a young Steve Jobs with long hair on the right.
How did Jobs revolutionize tech, not once but continually? Aspiring innovators — and today's Apple — should look to The Bard and seek out singularity.
Three side-by-side images show different views of the Red Spider Nebula in space, captured by JWST, with a bright center and colorful gases in orange, green, and blue against a backdrop of stars.
When dying, Sun-like stars have binary companions, spectacular sights arise from the ionization. JWST spots the Red Spider Nebula in action!
big crunch
There's some, but not overwhelming, evidence that dark energy is evolving. What would it take for a "Big Crunch" to be our cosmic fate?
Book cover for "The Devil Is a Southpaw" by Brandon Hobson, featuring two black birds flying over large red and blue text that boldly displays the title on a cream background.
A preview of the latest novel by the National Book Award finalist Brandon Hobson.
A color-coded map of Asia shows four migration phases from China, with arrows pointing toward Papua New Guinea and the Andaman Islands, both circled in yellow.
The plan — conquer China and push west to attack the Ottomans — was peak imperial hubris, as the Spanish themselves eventually realized.
A collage featuring Andrew Markell thinking at a desk, a close-up of a handshake, and a person standing alone, overlaid with swirling red and green arrows.
Andrew Markell — philosopher, martial artist, and CEO advisor — argues that true endurance comes from desire, ritual, and learning to evolve through chaos.