Astrobiology

Astrobiology

Black and white image of a star field with one bright object in the center, indicated by a red arrow, believed to be the third interstellar object detected passing through our solar system.
First 'Oumuamua, then Borisov, and now ATLAS have shown us that interstellar interlopers are real. Here's what the newest one teaches us.
A cratered, spherical celestial body with a bright spot on its surface floats in dark outer space dotted with stars.
As the closest icy ocean world to Earth, Ceres may be a promising candidate in the search for signs of ancient life.
A grey, icy planet or moon with surface cracks is shown against a backdrop of stars and the Milky Way galaxy.
The hunt for extraterrestrial life begins with planets like Earth. But our inhabited Earth once looked very different than Earth does today.
Interior view of a large observatory telescope in operation at night, with orange light trails and a starry sky visible through the open roof.
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile will image the southern sky using the largest digital camera ever built.
A green planet with rings is shown against a starry black background, with shadowy humanoid figures visible inside the planet’s outline.
Long before the search for biosignatures, scientists imagined a cosmos teeming with intelligent life.
An artist's rendering of an alien planet and a red star.
A Cambridge-based team claims to find molecules on an exoplanet that are only produced by life on Earth. Don't fall for the unfounded hype.
In all the known Universe, Earth is the only planet known to have native life. What should guide us in expanding humanity beyond our world?
uranium oxide oklo nuclear reactor
Planets can create nuclear power on their own, naturally, without any intelligence or technology. Earth already did: 1.7 billion years ago.
From a vantage point reminiscent of Carl Zimmer's explorations, an aerial view captures a massive swirling cloud formation over Earth, resembling a hurricane or cyclone against the infinite darkness of space.
In his new book, the popular science writer tells the story of how scientists discovered the “gaseous ocean” we all swim in — and the trillions of invisible life forms we share it with.
Pipette approaching a petri dish containing a shimmering dark substance on a purple gradient background.
“I want to change the way we think about the past altogether,” says Dr. Betül Kaçar, an astrobiologist who studies the origin of life.
The Earth is partially illuminated against a dark space background, showing glowing city lights and a blue atmosphere.
A new SETI study shows how far the field of technosignatures has come.
super earth mini neptune transit spectroscopy
Seeking life beyond the Solar System, we first look to the closest star systems with Earth-like planets. Here's why that's not good enough.
Illustration of Mars being struck by an asteroid, with debris flying and Earth visible in the background.
Life may have arisen far earlier — and more rapidly — than previously thought.
View of Earth rising over the Moon’s surface against a black space backdrop, captured during an Apollo mission.
If humanity lives in an otherwise barren Universe, we'll have to forge philosophy that fills the void.
Chemical structures over an image of a planet with a dark background, resembling a scientific illustration of molecular compounds in space exploration.
Life might be more common across the Universe than the "Hard Steps Model" suggests.
A collage of images shows microscopic views with arrows and lines depicting movement and velocity, displayed on a color scale, with a scale marker indicating 20 micrometers.
Motility was suggested as a promising "biosignature" as early as the 1960s, but the technology was insufficient — until now.
A person holds a sign reading "GLOBAL WARMING is a cruel hoax" with a dog standing nearby on a leafy ground.
Astronomer Adam Frank reflects on some responses to his recent appearance on the Lex Fridman Podcast.
how common is life
Earth is actively broadcasting and actively searching for intelligent civilizations. But could our technology even detect ourselves?
Known as orphaned planets, rogue planets, or planets without parent stars, these "outliers" might be the most common type of planet overall.
Under the night sky, where the Milky Way galaxy glows above a silhouette of trees and a mountain, stars scatter across the deep blue and purple expanse. It's an ideal backdrop for alien hunting, sparking curiosity about potential biosignatures hidden among those distant celestial wonders.
Recent controversies bode ill for the effort to detect life on other planets by analyzing the gases in their atmospheres.
Grayscale image showing a flying object captured on radar screen with various data markings.
Astronomer Adam Frank asks: With so many extraordinary claims, why can't anybody produce the proof?
Close-up of multi-colored snowflakes on the left and a detailed view of a spiral galaxy on the right against a star-filled background.
How did life on Earth begin? Is there life on other worlds? An answer to either question will reflect heavily on the other. 
Spacecraft with solar panels orbits Europa, Jupiter's icy moon, with Jupiter visible in the background.
MIT Scientist Jason Soderblom describes how the NASA mission will study the geology and composition of the surface of Jupiter’s water-rich moon and assess its astrobiological potential.
Comparison of early Mars with abundant water and a thicker atmosphere versus the dry and arid Mars of today, much like Venus, which also died in terms of its potential to support life.
Mars and Earth were sister planets in many ways, with early similar conditions. Why did Mars die? The leading explanation isn't universal.
Silhouette of NASA's Europa Clipper spacecraft with antennas poised against a colorful planetary surface, sparking dreams of alien life.
Could life be widespread throughout the cosmos, in the subsurface oceans of ice-covered worlds? NASA's Europa Clipper mission investigates.
Rocky, reddish Martian landscape with scattered boulders and a hazy sky.
Caption:“At this time in Mars’ history, we think CO2 is everywhere, in every nook and cranny, and water percolating through the rocks is full of CO2 too,” Joshua Murray says.
Aerial image of a Martian landscape with rough, textured surface featuring blue and reddish-brown hues marked by undulating ridges and valleys.
Scientists might be looking for Martian life in the wrong place.
A detailed image of the moon with visible craters and surface textures, set against a dark sky filled with numerous stars.
Finding life beyond our Solar System requires understanding its host planet.
So far, Earth is the only planet that we're certain possesses active life processes. Here's what we shouldn't assume about life elsewhere.