Astrobiology

Astrobiology

A forest overlaid with an image of a city
The answer is set to change in the year 2113, a recent estimate suggests.
A black background with the earth in the foreground.
Two scientists recently wagered a bottle of whiskey. The bet? Whether we'll find evidence of advanced extraterrestrial life in the next 15 years.
An image of a planet with a moon, highlighting one of the first living worlds discovered.
Life became a possibility in the Universe as soon as the raw ingredients were present. But living, inhabited worlds required a bit more.
An image of a planet in space.
Fire was crucial to the evolution of human technology. That's why alien species stuck in the "oxygen bottleneck" may be forever primitive.
Abstract representation of the first possible molecules in a cosmic setting with a celestial body.
Earth wasn't created until more than 9 billion years after the Big Bang. In some lucky places, life could have arisen almost right away.
A collage of photos featuring Carl Sagan standing next to a spacecraft.
Teller and Sagan debated fiercely over nuclear proliferation. But was the conflict as personal as it was intellectual for Teller?
An artist's rendering of an object in space.
These theoretical megastructures represent one way an advanced civilization might harvest energy from stars.
An artist's impression of a group of planets in space.
Astronomers have discovered more than 5,000 confirmed exoplanets — very few of which resemble Earth.
An aerial view of a river.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, matter can escape the center of the Earth.
An image of a moon with lava on it.
Looking back on our planet's early history offers a new (and less crazy) meaning for the idea of a "flat Earth."
A black and white photo of a building that has been destroyed in New Jersey.
"I grew up in New Jersey in the 1970s and that experience gave me everything I needed to become a skeptic."
An image of a nebula surrounded by stars, fine-tuned for life within its cosmic expanse.
Two of the answers add a dimension to physics that doesn’t belong there. Maybe we could call it "astrotheology."
A series of images showing different types of micrometeorites recovered in the transantarctic mountains
Finding alien technology on the seafloor would be truly incredible. This extraordinary claim, however, is debunked by the actual evidence.
A group of planets in space with a sun in the background.
The TRAPPIST-1 system is a treasure trove of possibilities and questions. Observations by JWST have just begun.
An image of the Martian surface.
Sophisticated rovers have found the conditions for Martian life, as well as the building blocks of life, but never life itself. AI can help.
A little alien talking on a telephone.
"If we find just one other example of biology out there, then life is not an accident."
aliens
A true scientific view of if, where, and when extraterrestrial life exists is within our grasp thanks to biosignatures and technosignatures.
An artist's rendering of the surface of venus.
We don’t need to think about what life is made of but rather what it does.
A mummy inside a casket found in Mexico.
Every astrobiologist wants to find an alien. But the public should be skeptical when the "aliens" look like tiny humans.
hydrothermal field
With such a vast Universe and raw ingredients that seem to be everywhere, could it really be possible that humanity is truly alone?
An artist's rendering of an alien planet and a red star.
Within the next few decades, we may well have hard evidence for the existence of alien life on worlds light-years distant from Earth.
Earth-like exoplanet
Some fascinating observations of K2-18b have come along with horrendous, speculative communications. There's no evidence for oceans or life.
mars oceans
Chemical changes inside Mars' core caused it to lose its magnetic field. This, in turn, caused it to lose its oceans. But how?
Two starfish on the beach at sunset.
Scientists may have detected the somewhat smelly chemical dimethyl sulfide on a planet 120 light-years from Earth.
A portrait of a man in a red coat, hinting at Copernicanism through symbolism.
Looking at our planet with post-Copernican eyes has the power to change how we relate to it and each other.
A Copernican-inspired map of the world showcasing a central globe.
Despite the vast number of planets in the Universe, Earth's specific evolutionary history guarantees that its life forms — including humans — are utterly unique.
Earth-like exoplanet
Each of our three nearest stars might have an Earth-like planet in orbit around it. Here's what we'll learn when we finally observe it.
Lunar footprints.
Over 50 years since humans last walked on the Moon, astronaut footprints and rover tracks are still visible. But they won't last forever.