General Relativity

General Relativity

warp drive analogy
In the quest to measure how antimatter falls, the possibility that it fell "up" provided hope for warp drive. Here's how it all fell apart.
The study of antimatter.
Sci-fi enthusiasts have long hoped that a substance called antimatter might experience gravity opposite that of ordinary matter. It doesn't.
Abstract digital art of concentric ripples radiating from a glowing center, featuring shades of pink, purple, and orange against a dark background.
5mins
NASA’s Michelle Thaller explains what happens when the densest stars in the galaxy collide.
most distant gravitational lens
A more distant galaxy liked the lens so much that it went and put a ring on it. Here's the science behind this remarkable cosmic object.
An artist's rendering of the earth and a spacecraft in space.
This measurement is crucial to confirm that one of the assumptions of Einstein’s theory of gravity is valid.
quantum gravity
Dark matter hasn't been directly detected, but some form of invisible matter is clearly gravitating. Could the graviton hold the answer?
black hole hawking
The matter that creates black holes won't be what comes out when they evaporate. Will the black hole information paradox ever be solved?
A blue background with a lot of blue lights is the worst prediction.
When it comes to predicting the energy of empty space, the two leading theories disagree by a factor of 100 googol quintillion.
nasa merge black hole
Newton thought that gravitation would happen instantly, propagating at infinite speeds. Einstein showed otherwise; gravity isn't instant.
overview effect
When the average person has a "theory," they're just guessing. But for a scientist, a theory is the pinnacle of what we can achieve.
A stylized, purple-tinted depiction of a black hole in space, showing a glowing accretion disk and a star-filled background.
5mins
Gravity defies quantum mechanics. What does that mean for a theory of everything?
antennae galaxies NGC 4038 4039
The Universe isn't just expanding, the expansion is also accelerating. If that's true, how will the Milky Way and Andromeda eventually merge?
atoms
By probing the Universe on atomic scales and smaller, we can reveal the entirety of the Standard Model, and with it, the quantum Universe.
Edwin Hubble and Andromeda galaxy
The first observational evidence showing the Universe is expanding is 100 years old now: in 2023. Here's the story of its 100th anniversary.
standard model structure
Some constants, like the speed of light, exist with no underlying explanation. How many "fundamental constants" does our Universe require?
Raisin bread expanding Universe
Two fundamentally different ways of measuring the expanding Universe disagree. What's the root cause of this Hubble tension?
A black hole in space with a planet in the middle.
How scientists are hearing the gravitational background "hum" of the Universe for the very first time.
m87 jets black hole spitzer
Nothing can escape from a black hole. So where do Hawking radiation, relativistic jets, and X-ray emissions around black holes come from?
The concept of the warp drive is currently at odds with everything we know to be true about physics.
JADES galaxies
For many years, cosmologists have claimed the Universe is 13.8 billion years old. A new paper says no, it's 26.7 billion. How do we decide?
Black hole jet shadow M87
Some 55 million light-years away lies the giant galaxy Messier 87. Its supermassive black hole, inside and out, looks better than ever.
distant quasar
Headlines have blared that quasar ticking confirms that time passed more slowly in the early Universe. That's not how any of this works.
map with 68 millisecond pulsars
After 15 years of monitoring 68 objects known as millisecond pulsars, we've found the Universe's background gravitational wave signal!
big bang mirage
A cute mathematical trick can "rescale" the Universe so that it isn't actually expanding. But can that "trick" survive all our cosmic tests?
an artist's rendering of a black hole in the sky.
In a distant galaxy, a cosmic dance between two supermassive black holes emits periodic flashes of light.
a close up of two stars in the sky.
In many ways, we are still novices playing with toy models seeking to understand the stars. 
an image of a black hole in the sky.
There are 40 billion billion black holes in the universe. Here’s how our Solar System stacks up against ten of them.
hubble tension
When Einstein gave General Relativity to the world, he included an extraneous cosmological constant. How did his 'biggest blunder' occur?
big bang expanding universe
It's been 100 years since we discovered that the Universe was expanding. But if it's expanding, then what is it expanding into?
ivy mike nuclear test
Einstein's most famous equation is E = mc², which describes the rest mass energy inherent to particles. But motion matters for energy, too.