History and Society

History and Society

A diagram showing the earth and tpaper folding to the moon.
Each time you fold a piece of paper, you double the paper's thickness. It doesn't take all that long to even reach the Moon.
The head of a man and a woman are shown side by side in a research study focused on ketamine and depression.
Ketamine’s remarkable effect bolsters a new theory of mental illness.
A group of people look at a display of Neanderthal artifacts.
They have held our fascination ever since we first identified their remains.
A man in a military uniform wearing a hat resembling Napoleon.
Napoleon Bonaparte was a man of many faces. European historian Michael Broers explains which are featured on the silver screen and why.
Sunlit pebbles on a black background.
The cosmic scales governing the Universe are almost unbelievably large. What if we shrunk the Sun down to be just a grain of sand?
A yellow dump truck on a sand hill.
Sometimes called “the new gold,” sand is the second most exploited natural resource in the world after fresh water.
A bust of Marcus Aurelius placed next to a clock.
Like many of us, the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius hated waking up early, but his stoic philosophy always helped him get out of bed.
A vibrant, high-resolution image of a spiral galaxy with rich clusters of stars and interstellar dust, where most stars formed.
Today, the star-formation rate across the Universe is a mere trickle: just 3% of what it was at its peak. Here's what it was like back then.
A diagram of a circle and a linear arrow.
The "End of Days" defines how we see time.
A silhouette of a person experiencing a near-death encounter in front of a fire.
Millions of people have had a near-death experience, and it often leads them to believe in an afterlife. Does this count as good proof?
An artist's illustration of a supermassive black hole with an accretion disk and relativistic jets.
As early as we've been able to identify them, the youngest galaxies seem to have large supermassive black holes. Here's how they were made.
derinkuyu
A basement renovation project led to the archaeological discovery of a lifetime: the Derinkuyu Underground City, which housed 20,000 people.
A stylized illustration of the timeline of the universe, depicting major events from the big bang through the cosmic dark ages to the modern era.
For 550 million years, neutral atoms blocked the light made in stars from traveling freely through the Universe. Here's how it then changed.
A man with long hair and a beard, embodying the concept of free will.
A volley of new insights reignites the debate over whether our choices are ever truly our own.
A vibrant image of a galaxy with clusters of population II stars, showing second-generation stars in various colors against the backdrop of space.
The first stars in the Universe were made of pristine material: hydrogen and helium alone. Once they die, nothing escapes their pollution.
A map showing the location of Israel and Egypt, with a focus on its significance in biblical history.
When battles raged in ancient cities, their rocks blazed so brightly that they could be reoriented according to Earth's magnetic field.
A black and white photo of a snow covered mountain.
Along with obsidian that dazzled scientists in Canada.
A collection of books about war and peace that you haven't read.
How to say, "In many ways, Proust is similar to Joyce" and get away with it.
A somber painting of a man standing alone in a tranquil field.
Omer Bartov, who spent decades studying the unspeakable horrors of genocide, shares how his studies have impacted his own mental health.
The future with rays of light in the background.
29mins
Four visionaries—Kevin Kelly, Peter Schwartz, Ari Wallach, and Tyler Cowen—share their insights on the future, urging viewers to consider the impact of their actions on future generations.
Four different images of supernova remnants from NASA's Chandra X-ray observatory
The first stars took tens or even hundreds of millions of years to form, and then died in the cosmic blink of an eye. Here's how.
A collection of hard-to-finish books on a pink background.
These hard-to-finish books are still worth the effort.
A collage featuring two images of Mr William Crompton, the oldest knocker-upper in Bolton in 1939.
Meet the people paid to rouse the workers of industrial Britain.
The word success is written on a blueprint, symbolizing career ownership.
When you own your career, work becomes more than a means to an end — it becomes a vehicle for growth and happiness. 
An artist's impression of a cluster of stars.
The Big Bang's hot glow faded away after only a few million years, leaving the Universe dark until the first stars formed. Oh, the changes!
A family walking down a dirt road.
Is it better to be the oldest sibling, the youngest, or in the middle?
The ring nebula in space.
The Universe is an amazing place. Under the incredible, infrared gaze of JWST, it's coming into focus better than ever before.
A painting presents a group of people at a table, leaving room for interpretation and inviting viewers to formulate hypotheses about their interactions and relationships.
A sober look at a wild conspiracy theory that argues the Middle Ages never happened.