History and Society

History and Society

A bright star illuminates the surrounding space with a spectrum of colors in a nebula.
From before the Big Bang to Voyager 1, particle physicist Harry Cliff takes us on a whiz-bang tour of the Universe's evolution.
scholz's star
Despite billions of years of life on Earth, humans first arose only ~300,000 years ago. It took all that time to make our arrival possible.
Four earth-like planets from a multiverse, in varying colors, aligned in space against a starry background.
Some physicists are besot with the multiverse, but if we can't detect these other universes, how seriously should we take them?
Prehistoric landscape with a mammal-like creature, where mammals appeared, in the foreground and dinosaur skeletons depicted in the overlaying sketches.
Although mammals may be the dominant form of life today, we're relative newcomers on planet Earth. Here's our place in natural history.
Smiling pilot holding a helmet, wearing a flight suit with a u.s. insignia and a jet pack.
On the morning of April 20, 1961, all conditions were "go" for an attempt at free flight. A man was on standby with a fire extinguisher. Just in case.
A digital image of a star's structure superimposed on a futuristic tunnel with neon arrow accents.
In the infant Universe, particle physics reigned supreme.
For billions of years on Earth, life was limited to simple unicellular, non-differentiated organisms. In a mere flash, that changed forever.
Earth viewed from space, partially obscured by a graphical overlay illustrating how oxygen once nearly killed life.
Known as the Great Oxygenation Event, Earth froze over as oxygen accumulated in our atmosphere, nearly driving all life extinct.
Collage of a young person's face with abstract red scribbles and geometric shapes symbolizing ADHD.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has been a controversial diagnosis since it was first described, back in the 1940s.
a man sitting in a wheel chair next to a laptop.
Dennis Klatt developed trailblazing text-to-speech systems before losing his own voice to cancer.
Spectators observing a dramatic eruption from active volcanoes at twilight.
Volcanologists warn that magma-filled vents evolve over time, leading to an underestimation of the number that might erupt — especially those capable of the biggest explosions
Collage of Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping.
Autocrats like Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin fear democracy, yet go to great lengths to present themselves as democratic leaders.
Even if you aren't in the path of totality, you can still use the solar eclipse to measure how long it takes the Moon to orbit Earth.
A painting of lord Rama, a major deity in Hinduism and a key figure in the monomyth, depicted with a bow and arrow set against a dynamic sky background.
Joseph Campbell argued that nearly every myth can be boiled down to a hero’s journey. Was he right?
Black and white portrait of a smiling woman with wavy hair and a pearl necklace, circa early 20th century.
“Chicago May” was a classic swindler who conned her way around the world in the early twentieth century. She was also a sign of hard times.
A man holding a transparent rectangular object up to his eyes, reminiscent of the analytical gaze of Robert and Frank Oppenheimer.
A rift in thinking about who should control powerful new technologies sent the brothers on diverging paths. For one, the story ended with a mission to bring science to the public.
As the world warms, trees in forests such as those in Minnesota will no longer be adapted to their local climates. That’s where assisted migration comes in.
Historical map illustration depicting a planned city layout with a circular central area and radiating streets.
A small Ohio town tried to escape America’s addiction to rectangular grids. It didn’t last long.
An abstract digital collage inspired by alien abduction stories, with a monochrome vinyl record at the center surrounded by colorful, glitch-like textures and shapes.
The truth may be out there — but it’s not in these close encounters of the third kind.
Phases of a partial lunar eclipse progression against a dark sky during the penumbral eclipse.
The least exciting of all eclipses, a penumbral lunar eclipse, foreshadows the spectacular show that April 8th's total eclipse will bring.
A character in a starfleet uniform with a distinctive ridged forehead, who speaks invented languages, stands against a backdrop of stars.
NuqneH! Saluton! A linguistic anthropologist (and creator of the Kryptonian language, among others) studies the people who invent new tongues.
A group of cult members dressed in white participating in an outdoor gathering or ceremony under a partly cloudy sky.
Or are cults the religions we find distasteful?
A man with a beard embodying the Protestant work ethic.
How would you feel about working like a Lutheran or a Cistercian?
An image of a person holding a pair of binoculars with the new happy face on it.
Happiness is not a five-star holiday. It's often the result of struggle — and asking for help, as author Stephanie Harrison recently told Big Think.
black hole hit Earth
No matter how you define the end, including the demise of humanity, all life, or even the planet itself, our ultimate destruction awaits.
A blue hand with arrows on it.
To be successful, leaders would be wise to remember that AI isn’t a replacement for people; it exists to enhance their capabilities.
Five modern philosophy books about the idea of justice on a pink background.
Philosophy isn't stuck in the past. Here are five texts to connect you with its ongoing dialogue.
An image of Satoru Iwata, the leader in a suit and tie, surrounded by Nintendo icons.
The former Nintendo president has become synonymous with the backlash against layoffs — because, like a great leader, he focused on lifting people.