History & Society

History & Society

Trace how culture, power, and ideas shape societies across time.

A photo of a group of men with different colored circles on their heads.
The combined intellectual heft of multiple “big thinkers” delivered arguably the most successful scientific theory in history.
Steve Jobs in his office, showcasing survivorship bias in his journey of founding and leading Apple.
Survivorship bias occurs when we fail to consider how data was collected. To combat this, search for the "silent evidence."
Nasa's nebulas and galaxies - exploring parallel universes.
What do ghosts and anomalous galaxy rotation rates have in common? Some sci-fi enthusiasts believe the answer involves "parallel universes."
euclid globular cluster NGC 6397
Sometimes, going "deeper" doesn't reveal the answers you seek. By viewing more Universe with better precision, ESA's Euclid mission shines.
A bridge over the Kakhovka Dam.
Destruction of the Ukrainian dam unleashed a catastrophic flood—and surfaced centuries of cultural heritage. Now there’s a call not to rebuild it.
cosmic inflation
If the Universe is expanding, and the expansion is accelerating, what does that tell us about the cause of the expanding Universe?
An old black and white photograph of a bathroom.
Bathtubs and toilets each got their own rooms until health professionals urged architects to put all the plumbing in one room.
Lockman hole galaxy cluster herschel
Everything we observe beyond our Local Group is speeding away from us, omnidirectionally. If the Universe is expanding, where is the center?
A drawing of a cell highlighting various organelles.
Scientists agree that eons ago, a bacterium took up residence inside another cell and became its powerhouse, the mitochondrion. But there are competing theories about the birth of other organelles such as the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum.
A secularized church with ornate paintings on the walls.
Many countries' histories are governed by the familiar demographic story of growth, industrialization, and decline. But not France.
A person in a protective suit working in a mRNA vaccine factory.
AI was key to making Moderna's COVID mRNA vaccine. Its role in mRNA therapeutics will rapidly grow in the coming years.
Crab Nebula James Webb JWST
In 1054, a core-collapse supernova occurred 6500 light-years away. In 2023, JWST imaged the remnant, and might solve a massive mystery.
A portrait of Shakespeare, one of the greatest literary leaders in history.
Every successful leader can mine golden knowledge from the works of the Bard.
"First Meal" - a gripping book unraveling the truth behind a wrongful conviction.
Through humility, the old arrogance of infallibility crumbles. And in that there is genuine hope to prevent wrongful convictions.
venus earth comparison
Out of the four rocky planets in our Solar System, only Earth presently has plate tectonics. But billions of years ago, Venus had them, too.
ancient technology
These astounding inventions show that civilizations of the past were a lot more advanced than we might have thought.
A person demonstrating leadership in the 2020s by holding a compass in front of a picture of a compass.
What worked before won’t necessarily work this time — and the best leaders will adapt.
A painting of a group of men examining a cadaver
"Burke's the butcher, Hare's the thief, and Knox the man who buys the beef." Read the story of 19th-century Scotland's corpse dealers.