Animal Consciousness

Animal Consciousness

A man in a suit stands facing a large human eye, positioned at the center of the pupil as if about to step inside.
1hr 12mins
“Consciousness is fundamental. It's a fundamental property of the world that we inhabit, a fundamental property of the universe.”
A close-up of a spotted nudibranch with translucent, pointed cerata on a brown underwater branch against a black background, inviting reflection on the intricate nature of consciousness in marine life.
In this excerpt from "One Hand Clapping," Nikolay Kukushkin makes the case that neurons reveal how memory, meaning, and even consciousness emerge from the same biological roots in humans, sea slugs, and beyond.
Three circles show, from left to right, an oyster shell, a Vitruvian-style human figure, and a swirling spiral, linked together on a textured lavender background.
Philosophers once prophesied that evolution would lead to minds far greater — and stranger — than our own.
A digital illustration of a hermit crab with a shell resembling a human brain, shown in two square sections over the shell.
A conversation about intelligence and consciousness with philosopher Peter Godfrey-Smith.
Five books on consciousness and philosophy are displayed upright in a row against a pale background with abstract black lines.
These expert-recommended books try to answer the questions of consciousness, from its fundamental nature to its role in human experience and the natural world.
A heart shape is cut out of paper, revealing a circuit board with computer chips and code underneath.
4mins
"If we did create beings that were more like non-human animals, we ought to treat them much better than we now treat non-human animals."
An older man sits on a chair in front of a white backdrop, surrounded by rows of hanging beef carcasses in a meat processing facility.
1hr 55mins
“It’s not about being perfect. It’s about reducing suffering where we can, and right now, we’re choosing not to.”
A silhouette of a head brimming with green grass and tiny flowers forms a brain-like shape, embodying sentience against a yellow textured background.
Could AI develop true intelligence without sentience? Philosopher Jonathan Birch explores the boundaries of artificial and evolved minds.
A wasp illustration in blue on grid paper is overlaid on a close-up image of effervescent bubbles in a golden alcoholic liquid.
Could studying the Oriental hornet lead to a treatment for people with alcohol use disorder?
A white lab mouse sits in a glass petri dish, cradled gently by hands clad in blue gloves. The captivating scene underscores the crucial role of lab mice in scientific research and discovery.
Can laboratories become more humane, or is it time to end animal research altogether?
Yellow book cover titled "Consider the Turkey" by Peter Singer, featuring a red illustration of a turkey—perfect for Thanksgiving reading.
Philosopher Peter Singer argues it's time to examine a morally dubious practice.
A child lovingly holds a dog’s face with both hands, gazing into its doggish eyes in an outdoor setting.
It's high time owners learned to speak their dog's language.
A person with long hair faces the ocean, wearing a white shirt. A sheer gray fabric is draped over their face, obscuring their eyes. The background is cloudy with a view of the sea.
Propofol, a drug commonly used for general anesthesia, derails the brain’s normal balance between stability and excitability.
Sequential illustrations showing the motion of a cat falling and landing on its feet, demonstrating the righting reflex.
Cats twist and snakes slide, exploiting and negotiating physical laws. Scientists are figuring out how.
A small, warm-blooded brown bird with outstretched wings captured in mid-flight against a blue sky.
An excerpt from renowned neuropsychologist Nicholas Humphrey’s book “Sentience: The Invention of Consciousness.”
Two images of shark embryos against a black background, showing developmental stages with visible internal structures.
A study of spinal development took a strange turn and made a surprise discovery.
Prehistoric landscape with a mammal-like creature, where mammals appeared, in the foreground and dinosaur skeletons depicted in the overlaying sketches.
Although mammals may be the dominant form of life today, we're relative newcomers on planet Earth. Here's our place in natural history.
A close up of a fish's eye, revealing its intriguing anatomy.
Researchers are finding signs of multiple phases of sleep all over the animal kingdom. The ‘active’ sleep phases look very much like REM.
A woman and an octopus gracefully intertwined in a mesmerizing scene.
A controversial new philosophy paper tries to bring our moral prejudices to heel. Should it?
A group of sheep in a barn with a green arrow in front of them.
4mins
Can AI and animals coexist? Philosopher Peter Singer gives us a nuanced take on the issue.
A radioactive wild boar stands in the snow.
Scientists solve a long-standing mystery in Bavaria.
A man sitting on a bench with his dog.
Over a third are worried that vaccines can cause "canine autism."
A black and white drawing of a **shark** with its mouth open.
If cocaine affects sharks at all, it does so as an anesthetic, not as a stimulant.
A map showing the Columbian Exchange.
For better and worse, the Columbian Exchange plugged the Americas into the global system — and there was no going back.
a couple of heads with different colors and shapes.
The idea that consciousness emerges naturally alongside intelligence could be an anthropocentric distortion.
a couple of squid swimming in the ocean.
Numerous videos online show that squid undergo a dramatic color-changing effect after being stunned or killed.
a large group of pigs in a pen.
Within a month of that initial conversation, Peter Singer became a vegetarian.
a painting of a man and a woman playing instruments.
500 sheep were slaughtered to produce the 2,060 pages of the "Codex Amiatinus," a Latin translation of the Bible.
a black and white photo of a man sitting on a rock.
Far from being a “dead” pursuit that focuses on old ideas, modern philosophy proposes and debates important, new concepts. All of us can learn from it.
a bird sitting on a branch with its mouth open.
It depends on how you define it.