History

moon landing Apollo 11
Sixty years ago, the Soviet Union was way ahead of the USA in the space race. Then one critical event changed everything.
Illustration of a galactic collision, showing one galaxy colliding with the Milky Way, creating a loop of stars and cosmic material against a black background.
Even with just a momentary view of our galaxy right now, the data we collect enables us to reconstruct so much of our past history.
Pixelated red human figure on a black grid background with blue symmetrical curves and white geometric shapes adjacent.
In November 1974, astronomers used the radio telescope at Puerto Rico’s Arecibo Observatory to send a hello to the universe.
An illustration of Galileo Galilei with a historical text and a lunar sketch alongside.
"I was stunned. Here in front of me was the original apparatus through which a new vision of the world was slowly and painfully brought to light."
CMB polarization Planck
Since the mid-1960s, the CMB has been identified with the Big Bang's leftover glow. Could any alternative explanations still work?
A glitch art depiction of an old sketch reminiscent of Da Vinci, featuring a bearded man in a hat with digital distortion weaving through his face.
Burns’ latest documentary dives into the long-romanticized life and work of the Italian polymath.
A globe is encircled by golden barbed wire against a gray background, evocative of autocracy and symbolizing restriction or confinement with a sense of luxury.
Modern autocracies operate "not like a bloc but rather like an agglomeration of companies," says journalist and historian Anne Applebaum.
Map of the Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order, showing key locations such as the World Headquarters and Library, with details on independence, language, religion, government, and currency.
The Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order would be just one quarter the size of Vatican City.
Collage of scientific discovery elements including a portrait, butterfly, globe, molecular diagrams, a tree diagram, and a hand holding a test tube against a plain background.
Are breakthroughs really a matter of chance, or are they simply waiting to be uncovered by the right person at the right time?
spooky action quantum
Do we actually live in a deterministic Universe, despite quantum physics? An alternative, non-spooky interpretation has now been ruled out.
A person in minimal clothing pushes a large clock up a blue hill against a grid background with various numbers and graphs, embodying the diligence reminiscent of the Rule of Saint Benedict.
Oliver Burkeman — author of "Four Thousand Weeks: Time Management for Mortals" — tells Big Think about modern life lessons from a 6th-century monk.
A historical timeline featuring notable figures from 1400 to present, including scientists, writers, politicians, and artists. The timeline is categorized by different historical eras.
"The Big Map of Who Lived When" plots the lifespans of historical figures — from Eminem all the way back to Genghis Khan.
A large group of people, some standing and some sitting, gather outdoors in front of a tent and a horse-drawn carriage, set against a grassy field with a few trees in the background.
The annual rite of passage has always been more about the ambivalence of adults than the amusement of children.
Portrait of an older man with a beard wearing a hat, depicted in purple tones, with scientific and alchemical symbols in the background, capturing the essence of a truth machine.
Why human attempts to mechanize logic keep breaking down.
A black-and-white image of a ship in water on the left pairs with a red-tinted photo of a large explosion on the right, capturing the essence of naval catastrophe through expert storytelling.
How “Catastrophe and Social Change” (1920) became the first systematic analysis of human behavior in a disaster.
Close-up of a blue shoelace with silver aglets, transforming ordinary things into art against a plain background featuring black squiggle and circular sketch marks.
Have you ever noticed how many things you interact with but can’t name? So did we.
Ancient cave painting depicting animal figures, including what appears to be a bull and a bird, on a textured, brown and beige rock surface.
An analysis of Indonesian cave paintings is reframing the history of human art, though whether the paintings really were created by human hands remains an open question.
Black and white sketch of a bald man with a long beard, wearing a suit and bow tie, looking to his left.
Adams was infamously scooped when Neptune was discovered in 1846. His failure wasn't the end, but a prelude to a world-changing discovery.
Side-by-side sepia-toned portrait images of huxley and wilberforce in 19th-century attire, facing opposite directions, merged with a vertical dividing line.
The true story of the shot that "reverberated through England" when science collided head-on with religion.
A map of Australia showing probability of species presence with color gradients from low (blue) to high (red). Insets display detailed regions. Arrows indicate the Northern and Southern entry points.
A new method of mapping migration factors in erratic movements and changing climate.
In December 1968, human beings made their first-ever journey to the Moon aboard Apollo 8. Their most important discovery? Planet Earth.
A composite image shows the sun's path in the sky at different times of the year over a grassy landscape, with three arches of sun positions represented by dots, illustrating the earliest solstice.
On June 20, 2024, the summer solstice occurs at its earliest moment since 1796: when George Washington was President of the USA. Here's why.
A Venn diagram depicts the overlapping groups of Nordic countries, Scandinavia, Danish Realm, Baltoscandia, Finno-Ugric, Baltic countries, and Balts, with the flags of respective countries.
Because of their large and unfriendly neighbor to the east, the Baltics would rather be Scandinavian.
A silhouette of a hand casting a ballot set against a background of abstract red and white patterns.
Author A.J. Jacobs explores how voting has changed since the days of the Founding Fathers — for better and for worse.
A graphical representation of network connections superimposed on a dark map, highlighting major nodes with bright orange and yellow lines.
Digital analyses of Enlightenment-era letters are teaching us a thing or two about Locke, Voltaire, and others.
Partial skeleton of a small animal embedded in dirt, with visible spine, ribcage, and skull, accompanied by three stones.
A poignant, 2,000-year-old burial in northern Italy could be the latest evidence of an ancient friendship.
A stylized silhouette of a person under an umbrella amidst falling snow, depicted in black against a speckled beige background, embodying elements of Japanese philosophy.
Japanese thought can’t be easily characterized by just a few books — but this essential guide is a great place to start.
For billions of years on Earth, life was limited to simple unicellular, non-differentiated organisms. In a mere flash, that changed forever.
Elderly man examining a blood pressure monitor at a table.
During the industrial era the cost of artificial light fell off a cliff — and the road to illumination was paved with ingenuity and slaughter.